Australian Broadcasting Essay -- Media

INTRODUCTION The Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) was formed in 1932 and the first ABC radio broadcast took place on 1 July that the same year. 1956 saw the beginning of television broadcasting in 1956 and its independent corporation was in 1983. The Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) however commenced broadcasting much later 1975 and its television broadcasting began in 1980 and became an independent corporation in 1991. The ABC and SBS are all statutory , independent authorities established via legislation and their roles and functions are set out in their respective Charters. For instance the ABC Charter vests the ABC, with functions such as providing within Australia innovative and comprehensive broadcasting, services of a high standard, provide programs that contribute to a sense of national identity and to inform and entertain, and reflect the cultural diversity of, the Australian community. Moreover it is mandated to provide broadcasting programs of an educational nature promote the musical, dramatic and other performing arts in Australia transmit to other countries programs of news, current affairs, entertainment and cultural enrichment that encourage awareness of Australia and an international understanding of Australian attitudes on world affairs . The SBS Charter provides that the principal function of SBS is to provide multilingual and multicultural radio and television services that inform, educate and entertain all Australians, and in doing so, reflect Australia’s multicultural society . SBS also has specific functions, including, contributing to meeting the communication needs of Australia’s ethnic and Aboriginal The ABS and SBS provide the Australian public with news broadcasts, television programmi... ...leem, Saed, and Stephen Shellhammer. TV White Space Sectrum Technologies. Florida: CRC Press, 2011. Campbell, Dennis. International Securities Law and regulations. Sydney: York Hill Law, 2007. Conroy, Stephen. ABS and SBS. Australian Government, Sydney: Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy, 2008. Digital Broadcasting Australia. "SBS chooses 720p High Definition." Digital Broadcasting Australia. Sydney, December 14th, 2006. Grant, Alsadai. Australian Telecommunications Regulation Communications Law Centre. Sydney: UNSW Press, 2004. Murray, Lisa. "SBS caves in over ad breaks." The Sydney Morning Herald, June 2, 2006. Pan, Hui. Asia-Pacific Telecom Monthly Newsletter. Boston: Information Gatekeeper Inc, 2010. Stuart, Cunningham, and Graeme Turner. The Media and Communications in Australia. Singapore: KHL Printing Company Ltd, 2010.

Influence of Christianity and Islam on Medieval Europe

CHIJIOKE MADUEWESI ID:9315 CHRISTIANITY In medieval Europe, major impacts from the fall of the roman empire still exists today. One of these religion is Christianity, which has made a staunch effect on medieval Europe. Christianity has been a major practice in Europe since the first century. It accounted for more than 76. 2% of the Europeans. Christianity introduced catholic churches in medieval Europe. These churches laid down meaningful influences, which has and is still aiding European countries till date.These churches in medieval Europe somewhat lectured people, that their souls were conceived in sin, and also, these sinful souls could be saved if only they repented. This applied evenly to everyone with no exception, including the kings and queens. These churches taught the European to be charitable, a good example can be seen in the â€Å"Story of lady Godiva†, where she was honored by the population for her charity. The church also started schools in the west, a perfect example is the kings school in Canterbury, that is still operating today despite its Age (founded in 596).The church, also Supplied hospitals for the sick, lame and injured to be catered for. These group of people, had their needs attended to by the nuns and monks of the church. Again, the church made available sanctuary for the oppressed and fugitives. ISLAM Islam, a religion with a strong pursuit for excellence wherever it finds its self. They served â€Å"Allah†, they took prayers very serious, praying five times daily, showing their zeal for righteousness and respect to â€Å"Allah†. Islam significantly were effective in different areas in the early ages of medieval Europe .They gave major influences in various aspect of Europe, as in, Art, architecture, technology, language and many others. First, many words used in Europe were derived from islam. These words are based in major sciences such as mathematics, medicine, physics etc. Some of these words include; Algo rithm derived from â€Å"Al-khwarizmis†, Algebra from â€Å"Al-jabr† etc . These words are still viable today, helping the mathematicians formulate equations in Europe. Furthermore, Arabic schools were created in Europe, in order to support the muslims in Europe to read and write in Arabic.It also functioned to teach its language to people who are willing to transform to a different religion. Several Arabic books, written by great Islamic authors, aided major developments in medicine and physics. Avicenna, a renowned muslim author, famous for his book by the name â€Å"The canon of medicine† which influenced European Medicine and is still a standard medical text book in Europe. In this book, he brought up the idea of infectious/contagious diseases, that spread easily from person to person through air-borne. This has helped doctors today to completely eradicate or vaccinate specific carriers in Europe.Also, Muhammad ibu Zakariye Razi, famous for writing books (en cyclopedias), realeased his book by name â€Å"The comprehensive Book of Medicine†, which has carefully explained the distinctions between certain diseases such as measles from chicken pox, thereby, enabling the doctors to vividly discover the symptoms that cause them, also, prevents these doctors from mixing both. In physics, another popular author, Alhazer, wrote the â€Å"Book of Optics† (Ibu al-ttaytham) it was highly notable for its development and influence on the theory of vision and light, which has made major changes in the optic world of physics in medieval Europe.In medieval Europe, Islamic arts were highly rated and decorative, thus, its high importation into Europe. Its designs featured man hunting and carvings, which indicate ancient renaissance art, which has been greatly acknowledged in Europe. However, it is fascinating to know that, home materials such as carpets and flower vase were introduced to Europe by islam. These carpets indicated wealth in Eur ope. They are still traded today, mainly by the aristocrats. Moreover, medieval Europe adopted their ideas of technology from the Islamic world.These technologies include, astronomical devices, developed and refined by the Islamic world, which Europe admired and obtained. Other examples include; gearing in water clocks and crops. ROME Rome, one of the greatest empires known, respected for its violence, army and rule. They influenced the medieval. They brought about the advent of advanced weaponry in Europe. Most of the European weapons were collected from the world of rome and transformed into mass destruction devices. The Europeans took advantage of this, and used them in wars.Today, Europe still has a standard class of weapons, used for protection in battles. Moreover, Roman civilization had an effect on the culture, language, architecture and the European government. In terms of language, the Romans spoke latin and latin is popularly spoken in Europe. They were also a major influ ence of classical architecture. In terms of religion, Constantine the great made Christianity a popular religion by restricting the killing of Christians. Now, Christianity is a major aspect in Europe.Many of the cities presently in Europe were founded by the romans and also water system works such as plumbing was introduced by the romans in Europe. Many artistic works were gotten from rome, also, symbols and logos such as; eagle wings, coat of arms normally on flags were gotten from Rome which European flags still bear nowadays. Finally, European parents now name their children with latin names such as; Paulus, Julius, maria and Julia etc. This was a major contribution from in European countries today.

Addiction And Substance Use Disorder Essay - 763 Words

Over the last few days at Providence Crosstown Clinic, I have gained a tremendous amount of insight into the field of addiction and substance use disorder. Crosstown Clinic is an addictions treatment clinic with an interdisciplinary team that cares for over seventy clients with substance-use disorder. Clients come into the clinic three times a day and are given either DEM (diacetylmorphine) or HME (hydromorphine). DEM is an addictive drug derived from opium that produces an intense euphoria, also known as â€Å"high†; whereas, hydromorphone is a synthetic narcotic analgesic, similar to morphine and heroin. During the first few days, I have learned Crosstown clinic began as a study to assess long-term opioid medications effectiveness, also known as the SALOME trail, to test whether hydromorphone, a licensed medication, is as good as diacetylmorphine, the active ingredient of heroin, at assisting people who suffer from chronic opioid addiction and who are not benefiting sufficie ntly from other treatments. I was told by the clinic nurse that the test found that hydromorphone is almost the same as DEM; however, clients prefer DEM better since it gives them a longer â€Å"high†. I have yet to work with clients with substance use disorder, and I am excited to learn more about alcohol and substance use like alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and amphetamines. This is my first time being exposed to addictions and substance use. My knowledge is limited to only textbook material. For the lastShow MoreRelatedAddiction Is A Condition Of Substance Use Disorder1523 Words   |  7 Pagesalcohol (Smith Foxcroft, 2009). This brings up the issue of addiction. Addiction is a condition whereby an individual is both mentally and physically dependent on a substance or activity to the extent of compulsivity and it negatively impacts various aspects of his life. As defined by the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health (DSM-5), substance use d isorder is the problematic pattern of substance use that results in impairment or distress in an individual’s dailyRead MoreIntroduction to Addictions and Substance Use Disorders Essay646 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction to Addictions and Substance Use Disorders Cognitive-Behavioral Models The cognitive behavioral models say that incentives make way for the right conditions for the need for drug abuse. Drug use is associated with experiences such as self-exploration, religious insights, altering moods, escaping boredom or despair, enhancing creativity, performance, sensory experience or pleasure, and so on (Capuzzi Stauffer, 2012). Cognitive behaviorism has brought in appreciated data at the sameRead MoreMechanisms Addiction Reviews The Strong Relationship Between Bipolar And Substance Use Disorders1280 Words   |  6 Pagesmechanisms Addiction Reviews the strong relationship between bipolar and substance-use disorder Mechanisms and treatment implications Bipolar disorder and substance-use disorders commonly occur in the same individual. In fact, bipolar disorder has a higher prevalence of substance-use disorders than any other psychiatric illness. Individuals with both disorders have a more severe course of bipolar disorder, including earlier onset, more frequent episodes, and more complications, including anxiety-Read MoreGambling Disorder And Its Effects On Society860 Words   |  4 PagesGambling disorder involves the urge to gamble continuously despite financial and social consequences or a desire to stop. It is seen as being out of control and dominating the person’s life. It is important to note that most gambling is not associated with a mental disorder as it is often a form of recreation in many cultures around the world. â€Å"Gambling can be defined as placing something of value at risk in the hopes of gaining something of greater value† (Potenza, 2008). Pathological gambling affectsRead MoreThe Relationship Between Trauma And Addiction Essay1464 Words   |  6 PagesThe Relationship Between Trauma and Addiction The experience of trauma can bring about feelings that are difficult for anyone else to understand. The feelings become even more complicated with addiction. It is important for practitioners to first understand the relationship of trauma and addiction to one another. Once the relationship is better understood, connections can be made to possible treatments and why those treatments should be used. Research testing these treatments can give possibleRead MoreBehavioral Addictions And Substance Abuse Addictions994 Words   |  4 Pagesof the updated Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) added gambling disorder to the category titled Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders. (The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 2013) In the previous edition of the DSM, gambling, along with other behavioral addictions were in the Impulse Control Disorders category of the DSM-III and DSM-IV (Clark, 2014). Behavioral Addictions are said t o be around for hundreds of years. For example,Read MoreBipolar Disorder And Substance Abuse Disorder1647 Words   |  7 Pages Bipolar Disorder and Substance Abuse Disorder It has been said that people do not use drugs to feel good, but that they use them to avoid feeling bad. Regardless of anyone’s opinions on drug abuse, this concept holds a lot of truth in regards to substance abuse in those with bipolar disorder. Many times this abuse is referred to as â€Å"self-medicating†. This means the use of medicine (or drugs) without medical supervision to treat one’s own ailment. While self-medicating can be healthy, like takingRead MoreAddiction Is a Disease Essay1421 Words   |  6 Pagesthat an addiction is a moral problem and not a disease. To better understand the reasons why an additicition is in fact a disease; I will identify several types of addictions, and the problems associated with them. I will examine reasons why certain people are more susceptible for developing an addiction. Also, I will determine why many addicts deny their problems and many recovery methods addicts use to fight their illness. Researching these iss ues, will help aid my claim that addiction is a diseaseRead MoreAddiction and Eating Disorders641 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction The main two psychological issues are addiction and eating disorders and the concept of addiction has developed over the past several years. Substance dependence is the most closely related concept of the everyday meaning of addiction, and to meet the criteria for substance dependence one must demonstrate several, but not all of the following criteria: †¢ Difficulty in controlling while in use. †¢ Continued behavior or use of a substance despite evidence of harm or other negative consequences Read MoreThe Diagnostic Criteria For Smartphone Addiction1224 Words   |  5 PagesThe diagnostic criteria for smartphone addiction proposed in this study were based on the population with the currently largest sample size and the diagnoses were validated by psychiatric interviews. Our findings indicated that smartphone addiction has overlapping features with substance-related or behavioral addictive disorders, but the unique properties of smartphones, i.e. its excellent accessibility and multiple Internet-based applications, contributed to its unique but prevalent addictive behaviors

The Problem Of The Criminal Justice System - 991 Words

The criminal justice system in the United States of America has major disparities that are negatively affecting our nation, specifically, those individuals who come from a low-socioeconomic status and who oftentimes end up involved in one way or another, with our correctional system. The reality many poverty-stricken individuals and prison inmates face today, along with the research that has been conducted by prominent scholars, show that there is dire need for systematic change, which in turn raises the following question: what will it take to revert the damage? If I were to address every single disparity in our criminal justice system, the pursuit would seem endless, and the above question would be tossed aside. Rather, I have chosen to focus on two major disparities that are profoundly correlated: mass incarceration and drug criminalization. By exploring the history behind each of them, and by exposing the constructs that seem to have taken the term justice out of our law enforcem ent practices and policies, I aim to build a platform that will lead to the exploration of three current initiatives and movements whose efforts are creating models that are helping pave the way for systematic change to occur, and who are pioneering the embrace of a restorative approach to justice rather than our current retributive approach that is damaging our nation. To understand the dire need for criminal justice reform, it is important to know that punishment has not always been part ofShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Criminal Justice System882 Words   |  4 PagesSince the dawn of man crime has been a problem. Even though most people have some basic sense of what is right and what is wrong, crime still occurs. All the way back to the ancient code of Hammurabi man has tried to understand, classify, and appropriately punish crime. The bible itself includes a detailed set of rules, or commandments, about what was legal and what wasn’t. There are many ideas and schools of thought that surround the idea of criminal justice. Initially the main goals of these schoolsRead MoreThe Problem Of The Criminal Justice System930 Words   |  4 PagesWhen considering our nations criminal justice system, it is vital that we focus more on providing mental health care, education, drug treatment, and counseling, rather than forcing all delinquents into j ails and prisons. Imposing a life of loneliness, separation, and discrimination is harmful. These things do not promote change for the better. Optimism, effort and opportunity allow for change. This country has a broken criminal Justice System. Our criminal justice system benefit’s our country by allowingRead MoreProblems Facing The Criminal Justice System Essay2455 Words   |  10 Pages Problems And Solutions In Criminal Justice The problems surrounding the criminal justice system range from a variety of issues in different areas of the system. But i believe they are all connected back to a societal problem, that has to do with a outdated philosophical notion â€Å"redemptive violence†. I will break down each aspect, which i find most troubling. I will cover problems between policing and peacekeeping, corrections options, and the issue of redemptive violence which is a major issueRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System Is Viewed As A Black Problem993 Words   |  4 Pagestakes place within the criminal justice system, such as early release dates for drug charges and non-violent crimes (Mauer, 2011). The incarceration rates in the United States are â€Å"three to four times that of other industrialized nations,† and the punishment scale is viewed as â€Å"out of proportion to that of other industrialized nation† (Mauer, 2011). Mauer (2011) reported â€Å"in many respects the driving force of mass incarceration is the racial dynamic of criminal justice policy.† He points outRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System Is Not A Problem That The Us And Other Countries970 Words   |  4 PagesCorrectional Systems Wrongful conviction is a problem that the US and other countries. The individual are saved from death row when new evidence arrives or when evidence that was provided is proved to be false. Judges have always been expected to decipher and correctly judge every case, specifically pertaining to criminal acts. The expectations derive from the nature of individuals lives being in the hands of the judgment of the particular judge. Research on cases has revealed particular circumstancesRead MoreHow Criminal Justice System Works And How It Has Problems Essay2095 Words   |  9 PagesCrow. Before I read this book, I was not aware of how criminal justice system works or how does it has problems. This book presents the how criminal justice works and how it has problems, in any kind of criminal just system from law enforcement to jury system, Especially against minorities. The introduction of book starts with how she starts to write this book. When she started her job at ACLU, she realized that our criminal justice system has racial bias against minorities. Most importantly, sheRead MoreCriminal Justice System : A Social Problem Within The African American Community2025 Words   |  9 PagesAny criminal justice system reflects its society and its times. Currently, in my culture, the African American culture, people commit crimes for the number one reason being to feed their families. What is considered a crime? How does the Criminal Justice System work? How is the amount of time determined? Why do African American get more time than the white man? Why are more black men in prison than any other ethnicities? The Criminal Justice System is a social problem within the African AmericanRead MoreReactions and Reflections to Cyndi Banks Criminal Justice Ethics: Theory and Practice1060 Words   |  4 PagesReactions and Reflections on Readings in Cynd i Banks Criminal Justice Ethics: Theory and Practice Introduction No serious-minded individual over the age of twelve actually thinks that justice and ethical issues involved in criminality are purely black-and-white or clear-cut issues of good and bad. The first chapters of Cyndi Banks (2008) Criminal Justice Ethics, however, make it clear that the issues of right and wrong in the criminal justice system are far more complex, specific, and subtle thanRead MoreThe Worldwide Criminal Justice System1468 Words   |  6 Pagespaper, I will describe what worldwide criminal justice systems are doing to address the criminal issues I identified. I will talk about the terrorist group ISIS about the crimes they have committed. Then I will discuss how the worldwide criminal justice system handled the crime. The last thing I will discuss is the effectiveness of the systems response and include suggestions for future responses to combat or prevent these crimes. The Criminal justice system have begun to monitor the Arab communityRead MoreCriminal Justice1385 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal Justice Trends Criminal justice Criminal Justice Trends Criminal justice field is growing every day. It grows with the help of technology and society. When the technology evolves and society grows the criminal justice has to evolve and grow to fit the society needs. Whether it is an easy or hard change the criminal justice system never fails us. With any state the criminal justice system is to protect and serve the community so the more it evolves the more the system has to. The following

Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder - 1740 Words

Across the nation there are children, both male and female, who suffer from symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) each day. These children are victims of a variety of trauma, such as â€Å"natural disasters, war, sexual abuse, witnessing violent behavior on another person, serious life-threatening illness, and community violence† (Sauter Franklin, 1998). For years, â€Å"studies have been done to understand the relationship [of] the prevalence of PTSD in children who experience trauma† (Sauter Franklin, 1998). Children who have experienced war-like conditions, natural disasters, or nuclear accidents have been found to experience symptoms of PTSD (Avery, Massat Lundy, 2000). Approximately thirty percent of children who have â€Å"survived a major trauma† develop PTSD (Hizli, Taskintuna, Isikli, Kilic, Zileli, 2009). It has been found that â€Å"children exposed to traumatic events have much higher incidence and prevalence of PTSD than do children in the general population† (Hizli, Taskintuna, Isikli, Kilic, Zileli, 2009). Unfortunately, out of a sample of children who witnessed domestic violence, ninety-three percent were able to be diagnosed with PTSD (Hizli, Taskintuna, Isikli, Kilic, Zileli, 2009). Children who are in situations dealing with emigration or economic problems also are at risk for developing PTSD (Hizli, Taskintuna, Isikli, Kilic, Zileli, 2009). There are a few demographic characteristics that children who develop PTSD have. According to a study, â€Å"ageShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatments Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder2995 Words   |  12 PagesAdam Baggs Mrs. Guzzo ENG3UI Monday, October 20, 2014 CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND TREATMENTS OF POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN RELATION TO HOLDEN CAUFIELD INTRODUCTION Post Traumatic Stress Disorder can affect any person who experiences a traumatic event throughout their life. Experiencing death at a young age and lack of parental support through a hard time can lead a young adult to develop Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (P.T.S.D.). In the novel, The Catcher in the Rye, by J.D. Salinger, When Holden’sRead MoreSymptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay821 Words   |  4 Pagesresponse to a harmful event or threat of survival. However, this reaction to danger can be damaged or altered due to Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD usually occurs after a terrifying event that involves physical harm, or the threat of it. Instead of the body having a natural response to danger, this â€Å"flight-or-fight† reaction could occur at any given, uncontrollable moment. Traumatic events including rape, child abuse, natural disasters, and car accidents are one of the many things that can triggerRead MorePost-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Causes Symptoms and Effects Essay1382 Words   |  6 Pagesor suffered from a Traumatic Brain Injury during Operation Iraqi Freedom or Operation Enduring Freedom. What this number does not include are the 39,365 cases of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (more commonly known as PTSD). (Department 2009) Although we usually think of war injuries as being physical, one of the most common war injuries is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and the effects can be devastating to a redeploying soldier who has come in contact with severely traumatic experiences. PTSDRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay1450 Words   |  6 Pagesexperiencing symptoms of PTSD usually start experiencing them, within 3 months of the traumatic incident (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). If an individual is experiencing symptoms, they must last for more than a month and be severe enough to interfere with the individual’s everyday life for a physician to diagnosis the condition as PTSD (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). There has been success with patients recovering from the condition within 6 months of the traumatic event, whileRead MoreSymptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder843 Words   |  4 PagesThe client is showing symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD. Under the DSM-V the diagnostic code follows 309.81 (F43.10) and finds the criteria by clinically significant distress or impairment in social and/or occupational dysfunction for a period of at least one month and symptoms are not du e to medical condition, medication or drugs and alcohol. PTSD symptoms include nightmares, flashbacks, sleep disturbance, mood disorders, suicidal ideation, avoidance, and hyper-arousal in responseRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1103 Words   |  5 PagesPOST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER ADDAE Y. ATTAKORAH PRAIRIE STATE COLLEGE PSYCHOLOGY 101 5/3/16 INTRODUCTION Many of the war veterans who came home from the Vietnam War came home with PTSD or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder which is a mental health condition that is triggered by a terrifying event- either through experiencing it or witnessing it. Although it happens most to those who serve in the military, it can happen to anyone who goes either goes through or witnesses a traumatic eventRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder2753 Words   |  12 Pagesexperience PTSD. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder can last for many years, though some recover after 6-12 months. (Anxiety, n.p.) Like panic disorders, a person with PTSD may look to alcohol to cope with their feelings. Those with PTSD may have another type of anxiety and depression may also accompany the symptoms of the anxiety disorder. Do you ever feel self-conscious in situations with a lot of people? Do you get nervous thinking about standing in front of people and what they will think of youRead MorePost-traumatic Stress Disorder: Symptoms and Treatment1612 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Statement of Thesis Post-traumatic stress disorder is a serious condition and one that is challenging in terms of identifying the disorder and effectively coping with this disorder. Introduction Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that the individual develops following a terrifying ordeal that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm. The person who develops PTSD may have been the one who was harmed, the harm may have happened toRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1189 Words   |  5 Pagesbattle fatigue, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder has been around since the history of stressful events themselves. First discovered in the 1600’s as nostalgia, it was usually left untreated as it was seen as a sign of weakness in men. In the early years of diagnosis’s, PTSD was most commonly present in soldiers due to their always present high stress situations. PTSD is a mental illness caused by traumatizing events or series of events. As defined by healthline.com, a traumatic event is â€Å"an incidentRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1033 Words   |  5 Pagesdepressive disorder that I chose for my final paper is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, or more commonly known as PSTD. This is a very complex disorder and effects men, women, and children alike. Most people associate PSTD with servicemen or women returning from defending our country. However, statistics show these people do experience PTSD, they are not the only people this disorder effects. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a reaction a person has after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic, life

Ecosystem Biomimetic Architectural †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Ecosystem Biomimetic Architectural. Answer: Introduction Structures fade and lose their form with age. This might cause them to outgrow in original form and functionality. Adaptive reuse of contemporary lifestyle, urban constructions, and the need for constant upgrade are some of the demand factors affecting the original plan for buildings. Location also matters because it defines the landscape. The geographical elements such as rivers and parks determine the design adopted by the architecture. All these changes must be within the available resources hence the cost effectiveness of a plan counts management. Poor workmanship needs improved structural mechanisms. This essay features architectural designs by Singapore based Chan Soo Chan and Jean Francois Milou. Both Chan and Jean have the expertise to correct errors on old building through innovative designs. Their use of standardized changes on the building requires minimized changes that do not deter the cultural attributes. Although these have similarities, there are differences in their approach. The essay looks at what is common and what differs between the two architectures. Jean Francois Milou is French born but has had considerable contribution in Singapores adaptive reuse architectural designs[1]. He has the ability to refurbish old buildings designed by different designers. His transformation of the historic buildings shows a unique combination of the old and new with an elegant touch. His work on heritage building brings a global experience. His design of the Singapore National Gallery reflects on his modern and professional style. He uses the roof as a centerpiece for connecting the old and the new to transform a 100-year-old courthouse into a museum. Although he is 63, he makes use of young talented designers from the local region to come up with an innovative approach that uses materials such as gold, copper and other metallic elements for its styles[2]. Chan Soo Chan is an award-winning architect who also has an experience with national buildings. Graduate from Yale University, he shows maturity in contemporary architecture for local and urban, residential and commercial designs. Like Jean Milou, he also has a firm (SCDA Architects) of designers specialized in new renovations. His design of the National Design Centre shows a combination of multiple designs on a multipurpose center with attributes for a public exhibition center, lecture halls, and community center for entertainment and learning. Soo Chan has the ability to work on restorations through a creative transformation of reuse in urban recreations management. Similar to Jean, Chan makes changes on interconnected buildings. This design tactic of working on complex exhibition reveals Chans ability to add value on buildings through refurbishment of the centers for public and private use. His style of replacement and repair involves the removal of dilapidated surfaces without in terference with the archeological purpose of the construction. Both designers make functional alterations on the buildings effectively. Redesigning for reuse or sustainability for land conservation, reduced urban congestion. This calls for specifications in size and concepts. Jean incorporates glass for aesthetic purposes giving the national themes a contemporary touch. He works on government buildings retaining their official use but differences in function. That is, He transforms a court building into a Museum. Other modern elements used by the two designers are in the colour, grey stonework, tiled floors and portico moldings. Jean retains the original timber roofing for a social advantage. Historical factors such as cultural function of the building determine the changes made because of social importance. The process of reshaping such buildings also needs to focus on the aesthetics. These architects consider modernity without negating the value of culture in building designs. Structural adaptations in both designers is evident as they restore neglected old buildings to give them a new economic sense. The cost benefit analysis measures the costs and market properties for reuse. The original buildings often have a historic design plan that retains its original properties[3]. Jean Milou specializes in the redesign of a colonial building into a masterpiece conjoining two historical buildings. His tactic incorporates modern designs of adjacent buildings and daylighting features, which are common in European architecture[4]. Both designers understand the value of investing in lighting, engineering and preservation elements. For indoor and outdoor properties. Like Milou Chan has a wide experience in commercial building designs including commercial and institutional luxury buildings[5]. Differences in thought Chan Soo Khan is keen on the spiritual essence of adaptive architectural designs. Represented in his adherence the local culture, he brings out Buddhist elements in his architectural designs. He refers to this as the spiritual essence found in a place[6]. In his opinion, this attribute is affordable and saves on resources because it does not require unnecessary fixtures. This gives him an edge in the Asia Pacific region where spirituality is crucial. He incorporates the phenomenal out of experience. To the contrary, Milou finds inspiration from his profession, structures and he advocates for less intervention on infrastructural structures[7]. He believes in simplicity and discretion when transforming structural and functional elements. He accepts technical reality as a challenge, which he applies in the prefabrications, metal framing and basements. He makes use of elegant metals to break down complexities and define the ideal design [8] Khan uses emotional architectural designs to complement his designs Adaptive design in Chan Soo Chan takes a structure and behavioral trait that is in line with the demand in Singapore. Compositional differences in Jean Milous designs represents luxury and comfort. He brings out individual architecture with tropical, Malaysian and Singaporean designs. Nationalism and regionalism feature in his faade architecture, which blends tradition and history, also features in his designs to bring out ideas of oriental[9]. This gives his style a local but sophisticated identity. On the other hand, Milou stands out for meticulous designs, which take advantage of the technology innovation.[10] Although Milou specializes in cultural and special transformation, he does not personalize his techniques. His design of the National Gallery in Singapore shows a blend of monumental tactics and layered designs for reuse[11]. Jean Milous motivation in Singaporean and urban planning design is evident. He show s sensitivity towards the historic management. This is evident in his design of museums in the region[12]. Complete redesigning projects by Chan Soo Chans modelling represent natural factors. Chan Soo Chan is a professional designer with a background in landscaping and interior design. His work varies from hotels, commercial, institutional, and residential designs. He brings this out in landscaping designs of green rooftops. Integrating nature and architectural designs. The combination of sustainability explores the Singaporean environment for an edge in designs. Milou uses variations in his spatial designs to highlight urban design properties[13]. He does not have a specific focus but he embraces the architectural demands in the region. He also borrows from classic designs as shown in his monumental staircases, concourse basements, drapes and roof shimmers as well as the longitudinal design of the gallery. His stunning creativity and art installations represents a blend of South East Asia and modernity. He brings out the heritage and interventions from the community. Before designing the gallery, he carries out research on the region[14]. In essence, his designs show revelation for the integrity of the region from the visual art, seascape, the people and ecosystem. He points to the importance of Singapores history. This is also evident in his cultural projects in Europe and India. Chans designs have an environmental focus. He invests in sustainable practices such as the use of recycled materials as a philosophy. His tactic is an advantage in the global market. He brings out the international concerns of energy efficiency through the structural changes that he makes. This is manifest in internal designs of lighting and fixtures[15]. Choo uses elements such as lighting for interior spatial designs from the tropical climates natural lighting[16]. His idea of sustainability is to preserve life. He brings out multiple concepts of the environment and he explores this in interior and exterior designs. At the heart of Choos designs is Spatial and lighting properties reminiscent of his natural environment. Although he has a background in westernized architectural techniques such as de-constructivism, his approach to cultural renovations embraces constructivist architecture. He demonstrates this in the conceptualization of order, special, sequence and symmetry. This giv es him a multidisciplinary approach to architecture like the combination of science, environment and architecture[17]. Adaptive reuse in architectural designs represents standardized elements. Contemporary architectural designers have characteristics that define their uniqueness in various projects. Evident in their spatial manipulation of their projects, Chan Soo Khan and Francois Milou reveal the importance of integrity history in architectural designs. Using global standards, the two come up with distinct designs of using aesthetics and technological innovations to refurbish constructions. They bring out structural adaptation and functionality as crucial elements of adaptive reuse in architectural designs. The two capitalize on professional approaches to create masterpiece designs. However, their differences emerge in the conceptualization of themes for their projects. Both professional construction designers draw from their experiences and inner motivations. Chan demonstrates a multidimensional approach while Jean shows simplicity and sophistication in approach. Chan covers traditional themes suc h as religion and art while Milou considers classical and monumental thoughts. The two Singapore based architectures explore their global experiences in architectural elements. They demonstrate differences in thoughts for distinctiveness in adaptive reuse architecture. Although the agenda for adaptive reuse is to improve neglected buildings, reinvention is also a strategy, which upholds the history of a place. Evidently, the designer also has a major role in the determination of designs, and approach taken. References A, B. 2013. The star designed by Andrew Bromberg for Aedas. Architect Magazine https://www.architectmagazine.com/design/buildings/the-star-designed-by-andrew-bromberg-for-aedas_o (Accessed 9 October 2017) Arch Daily. 2017. Soo Chan: Architecture is About Preserving a Way of Life, Not Simply Introducing a New Formal Language https://www.archdaily.com/office/scda-architects (Accessed 9 October 2017) B, Charles. 2013. Old Buildings New Designs: Architectural Transformations. Princeton Architectural Press. B, Nick, Fanchiotti and K, Steemers. 2013. Daylighting in in architecture: a European reference book. Routledge B, R; D, K. 2011. Reuse value: spolia and appropriation in art and architecture from Constantine to Sherrie Levine. Ashgate Publishing ltd. D, Eytan, J, Leo, and K, Schulten. 2012. Models of neural networks. Springer Science Business Media E, Steven and T, Browning. 2012. Designing structure matric methods and applications. MIT Press F, Giraudon. 2015. StudioMilou National Gallery Singapore. Meniscus. https://www.meniscuszine.com/articles/2015041739385/studiomilou-national-gallery-singapore-conversation-with-jean-francois-milou/ (Accessed 9 October 2017) L, Huang. 2016. The French-born architect took 25 minutes to think how he could link the former Supreme Court City Hall Buildings to convert them into the National Gallery. Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/museum-maestro 5 May 2016 (Accessed 9 October 2017) J, H, Hertenstein, P, B, Marjorie and V, Robert; What is good design? An investigation of the complexity and structure of design. Design Management Journal, 8 (1), 8-21 L, Pall and T, Hartig. 2013. Architectural variation, building height and restorative quality of urban residential streetscapes. Journal of Environmental Psychology 33, pp 26-36 Pedersen, Z. 2015. Ecosystem processes for biomimetic architectural and urban design. Architectural Science Review, 58 (2), pp 106-119 S, Vaidehi. 2015. International Green Conference. Eco-Business https://www.eco-business.com/news/capturing-the-spiritual-essence-of-places/ 29 Sept 2015 (Accessed 9 October 2017) Style by Asia. 2017. Style by Asia interviews Jean Francois Milou, founder and lead architect of StudioMilou in Paris and Singapore V, L. 2015. Jean Francois Milou: Designing the National Gallery. Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/jean-francois-milou-designing-the-national-gallery Yung, E, H and Chan, E, H. 2012. The implementation challenges to the adaptive reuse of heritage buildings; Towards the goals of sustainable, low carbon cities. Habitat International, 36 (3), pp 352-361imetic architectural and urban design. Architectural Science Review, 58 ( 2), pp 106-119

Operations and Quality Management Productivity

Question: Discuss about the Operations and Quality Management Productivity. Answer: Introduction: From the provided case study, it is understandable that Disneys business attempt at Paris is lacking in productivity due several crucial reasons. The case of Disney indicates that the directors plan to become successful in the premise of Paris like other territories like Japan and Florida has been initially prevented by Frances minister of culture. The predominant constraint for Disney is identified to be Disneys culturally inappropriate approach regarding their amusement park. Considering the provided case study of Disney in the premise of France, it can be said that in case improving productivity, four major difficulties for Disney would be One of the dominant issues for improving productivity of Disney in a foreign land like France is understandably the cultural differences. It is evident from the case study that from the initial time, due to cultural differences between America and France, the inauguration of Disneys amusement park had been close to termination. The inability of the Disney directors to understand the cultural aspects of France and Paris in specific could prove crucial in modifying the service qualities according to the taste and choices of the French people. As evidence from the case study, due to cultural gap, Disney employees are facing dissatisfaction among the audiences due to not serving alcohol and not serving lunch at time. Therefore, cultural gap would be a huge concern. Lack of revenue From the case study, it is understandable that due to having several operational issues like dissatisfying breakfast and lunch menu. Moreover, Disney has not considered about serving alcohol, which is regarded as one of the staple beverages for the French people. Therefore, it is understandable that the organization is suffering from a dissatisfying revenue scale, which can directly affect the productive quality of the employees. Without an impressive amount of revenue, it would not be easy for the Disney authority to pay their employees a satisfying pay scale and gradually it would become impossible for the organization to bear other operational costs regarding maintaining the business in amusement park. Therefore, understandably the expectation to improve productivity would be harmed. Difficult working atmosphere for the Disney employees The provided case study is indicative of the fact that due to lack of understanding about the French culture, lifestyle and food taste of the French people, employees of Disneys amusement parks are facing tremendous work pressure and a hostile working atmosphere. A hostile atmosphere never proves fruitful for improvising the performances of the employees; rather it demotivates them majorly, which affects their productive quality. From the case study, it is understandable that the employees are already finding it hard to adjust with the demands of the audiences regarding food items and the serving hours in the restaurants. Therefore, work pressure is one aspect, which can highly manipulate the desired standard of service. Lack of cooperation from the customer As per the fact that the organization is already finding it hard to understand the cultural norms and lifestyle of the French people and are already disappointing the audience, it can be said that they are losing every chance to acquire active cooperation from the target market. In terms of improving productivity, customer cooperation is required highly (Oakland, 2014). Therefore, it is can be underpinned that Disneys intention to improve productivity can suffer difficulty due not having sufficient amount of support from the target audience. As per the case study, the audiences are already disgusted the audience for not serving alcohol, on the other hand, the directors misunderstanding about eating habits of the French people has already astonished them. Therefore, it would not be easy to gain customer loyalty as well customer support for improving productive standard (Zurich, 2016). Considering the defined issues above, it can be contemplated that four major constraints those can prove crucial in time of improving the productivity of Disney are cultural differences, lack of revenue, lack of support from the target market and difficult working atmosphere for the working employees of Disney. Among these four, it seems that cultural differences and hostile working atmosphere for the employees are two potential one, which are immediately needed to be sorted out. Therefore, two convenient approaches to sort these hurdles would be Market and online research to understand cultural aspects It has been identified that Disneys one of the predominant complication is their inability to understand the cultural aspects of Paris. Henceforth, thorough markets research both online and offline would be applicable (Mok et al., 2013). In this context, it can be said that the organization can review the Hofstedes cultural dimension model and comparison between the United States of America and France. In time of facing cultural differences, Hofstedes model does not only help to understand several cultural layers of a specific country but also helps to understand life style and living habits of its people (Sabella et al., 2014). On the other hand, offline research such as random survey in the popular joints and market places would help to gather knowledge regarding food habits and preferences of the citizens (Sallis, 2014). Modification of service and hike in the pay scale In order to mitigate the issue of having adverse working atmosphere, Disney can consider introducing diversified workforce (Lin et al., 2013). By having diversified workforce, the organization would be able to hire French applicants, who would have a concrete sense of the countrys lifestyle and cultural aspects. On the other hand, after gathering sufficient amount of information through thorough market research, the organization could think about organizing workshops and training for the existing employee to inform them and thereafter train them according to the identified cultural need (Talk, 2016). At the same time, the organization should reconstruct its leadership style and revamp their pay scale structure for satisfying the employees, who are suffering with work pressure. In this case, Disney can also consider taking employee concerns and opinions to modify their productivity. In order to have relevant employee feedbacks, the organization can consider implementing suggestion box or can implement a separate management team to observe employee productivity as well as to acquire their feedback (Dale, 2015). References Dale, B. (2015).Total quality management. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Lin, C., Kuei, C. H., Chai, K. W. (2013). Identifying critical enablers and pathways to high performance supply chain quality management.International Journal of Operations Production Management,33(3), 347-370. Mok, C., Sparks, B., Kadampully, J. (2013).Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge. Oakland, J. S. (2014).Total quality management and operational excellence: text with cases. Routledge. Sabella, A., Kashou, R., Omran, O. (2014). Quality management practices and their relationship to organizational performance.International Journal of Operations Production Management,34(12), 1487-1505. Sallis, E. (2014).Total quality management in education. Routledge. Talk, O. M. (2016). Operations management. Zurich, L. B. (2016). Service Operations and Management.