Report on 2g Spectrum Essay Example

Report on 2g Spectrum Essay This is the greatest trick till now in India. The Supreme Court said that this 2G Scam is the mother of the considerable number of Scams. The 2G range trick included authorities in the legislature of India unlawfully undercharging portable communication organizations for recurrence allotment licenses, which they would use to make 2G memberships for mobile phones. The deficit between the cash gathered and the cash which the law ordered to be gathered is 1,76,379crore rupees or USD 39 billion. The giving of licenses happened in 2008, however the trick came to open notification when the Indian Income Tax Department was researching political lobbyist NiraRadia. The legislatures examination and the administrations responses to the discoveries in the examination were the subject of discussion, similar to the idea of the Indian medias responses. The conversation around the responses to the 2G range trick got referred to in the media as the NiraRadia tapes contention. A Raja ,the Ex-Minister of Communications andInformation Technology , is an Indian government official from the DMK, who sold the licenses and assumed a key job in 2G Scam and furthermore who realizes full insights about 2G Scam. By and large , Tele Communication organizations need to take permit from Government by paying enormous sums for their tasks and furthermore Government have numerous guidelines to give consent for new organizations in Tele Communication. So,due to Raja , numerous organizations got the licenses inexpensively and furthermore numerous new organizations began their administrations with out eligibilitycriteria,which is illicit. Following is the data given by Comptroller and Auditor General(CAG): * On nov 11th,The Comptroller and Auditor General(CAG) declared that income misfortune for India because of Raja at Rs. . 8L Cr. CAG prosecutes Raja: * CAG says Raja caused Rs. 177,000crore misfortune to India. * Licenses gave in 2008,pegged at 2001 costs. * Raja’s service offered range to 9 organizations in 2008 utilizing defective amp; obsolete policy,causing Rs. 140,000 crore misfortune. * Doled out extra wireless transmissions to existing telecos past what they were entitled to,causing a n extra loss of almost Rs. 37,000 crore to exchequer. * Raja gave double permit licenses to RCOM amp; Tata tele in 2008 utilizing old arrangement , causing lost up to Rs. 37,000 cr. Raja disregarded guidance of Telecom RegulatoryTRAI , Finance Ministry amp; Law Ministry on evaluating wireless transmissions at sensible amp; showcase driven rates. * He overlooked Prime Minister’s guidance additionally to preferring some corporates,Raja mocked all standards. * Raja doled out dish India wireless transmissions for Rs. 1651 Crore despiteS tel offering Rs. 13,752croreamp; in any event, willing to inhance this offer if the administration were to get a higher offered. * Six of the nine organizations that were given licenses didn't satisfy the qualification measures , yet correspondences service (Raja)did not dismiss their applications. The Six organizations are: 1. Etisalat 2. Datacom(Videocon) 3. Unitech(which coded lion's share control to Norway Telenor) We will compose a custom article test on Report on 2g Spectrum explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Report on 2g Spectrum explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Report on 2g Spectrum explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer 4. AllianzInfratech 5. Circle Mobile 6. S Tel Criteria for working out potential misfortune Rates offered based on Categoryby S Tel 3G closeout New Licenses Rs. 657525cr Rs. 102497cr Dual Technology Rs. 24591cr Rs. 37153cr Beyond contracted Quantity of 6. 2MHZ Rs. 36729cr Total Rs. 0316cr Rs. 176379cr WEB Of Allegations: * CAG says telecom service had ridiculed each ordinance of budgetary propriety,rules and techniques. * Raja gave licenses to ineligible applicants:85 of 122 licenses gave in 2008 were illicit as these cos had uncovered fragmented data , submitted imaginary reports and utilized deceitful intends to get grants. * Allianz Infratech ,Datacom(Videocon), Unitech(Telenor), S Tel, Loop Mobile and Etisalat were not qualified for versatile prmits. * Swan Telecom seemed to go about as a ‘front company’ in the interest of Anil Ambhani-drove Reliance Telecom. Benefit list for range changed in Punjab amp; Maharashtra to support Swan. * Telecom service gave undue advan tages to RCOM amp; Swan. Range of Controversies: Spectrum Scam: * Amount paid by new Telecos for a container India permit in 2008: Rs. 1,651crore. * Estimated misfortune to exchequer on selling licenses cheap:Rs. 140,000crore. Income sans work: * Swan Telecom taken the permit for Rs. 1537 crore and offered 45% stake to UAE’s Etisalat for $900m(Rs. 4200 cr). * Unitech taken permit for Rs. 1661 crore and sold 60. 00% to Norway’s Telenor for $1. 1 billion(Rs. 6200 cr). S Tel offered 49% to Bahrain’s Batelco for about $225m. * On nov fourteenth Raja quit as congress won't yield and KapilSibal taken the charge. Activities Taken By The Government To Prevent The 2G Scam: * Enforcement Directorate(ED) has writeen to nations from where cash was gotten by Indian firms for subtleties on speculators amp; wellspring of assets. * It is likewise examing job of conspicuous corporate lobbyist who is asserted to have player a job in impacting the manner in which the grants were granted to new organizations. * Opposition (BJP)to press for Joint Parliamentary Committee test. Janata Party President SubramaniamSwamy recorded a grievance in Supreme Court on Raja. Along these lines, the issue is in SC. * The Telecom Regulatory has solicited the Government to drop 62 from the 122 licenses gave by previous Telecom Minister A Raja. * The CAG in its report said 85 of 122 licenses given to six organizations , remarkably Uninor,Videocon,LoopMobile,STel,Etisalat and AllinzInfratech were illicit as these organizations were not qualified to acquire them. * ED tests NiiraRadia,who is a lobbyist amp; proprietor of Vaishnavi Corporate Communications that handles PR for of all Tata organizations for job in 2G Scam for 7hours. Preeminent Court given the case to CBI for examination. * CBI assaults Raja over the Spectrum. * CBI look t hrough Raja houses in Delhi,Chennai. * SC addresses Rs. 10,000cr credits to new licenses. * Court solicited CBI to analyze the practicality from examining the portion of radio range since 2001,when BJP-Led NDA Government was in power. * Judges spoke to be reproachful of a choice by SBI to loan Rs. 2500 cr to Uninor. * CBI advised to court that they will finish the examination in 3 months,later they told they need a half year time. A portion Of The Other Actions To Prevent 2G Scam: * The procedures of the parliamentary councils ought to be made accessible to the media and public,so that individuals can comprehend the issue obviously. * The Government must take the genuine and extreme choices particularly in these kind of scams,so that nobody attempts to swindle. * Government needs to substantiate itself by capturing the illicit persons,whether they are anyone. * Both media and the overall population must make a mindfulness that the administration is a trustee of open cash and resources and the individuals are the genuine proprietors. Media has assumed a significant job in bending a general conclusion . So,alert resident and faithful media. * Creating quick track indictment. Finally†¦. Principle issues in 2G Spectrum Scam: * 2G licenses at expendable costs * Rules bent,no systems followed. Cut-off date progressed * No auction,no offers. First-start things out served. * Swan Telecom licence:Rs. 1537 crore So ld 45% stake:Rs. 4200crore * Mobile supporter base: 2001:4 million 2008:350 million * Unitech Wireless licence:Rs. 1661 crore Sold 60% stake:Rs. 6200crore * Revenue Loss:1. 8L Crore Licenses gave in 2008,pegged at 2001 costs. * Law Ministry,FinanceMinistry,TRAI and PM’s exhortation disregarded. * Government Revenue: 2G:Rs. 10772crore 3G:RS. 1 Lakh crore Souces: Economic Times Ndtv. com Wikipedia. com Rediff. com Report on 2G Spectrum Scam Submitted by: Dileep Madhur

Boss Man Essay Example

Big cheese Essay Example Big cheese Essay Big cheese Essay Pick a sonnet which communicates a perspective you find upsetting. Clarify what distubs you about the artists perspective and talk about to what degree you are by and by ready to appreciate the manner in which the sonnet is written.Carol Ann Duffys sonnet Havisham is a sensational monolog composed from the eyes of the notorious character Miss Havisham who is extricated from Dickens’s Great Expectations. Miss Havisham is an extremely upsetting character for various reasons brought about by the torment and hurt she has suffered for a mind-blowing duration subsequent to being abandoned at the special stepped area numerous years prior to the sonnet is set. All through Havisham we discover that there is more fundamental issues to Havisham than what was once recognized. Contempt totally wrecks Havisham and that as opposed to helping her to seek retribution, it exacerbates her which brings about her despising all men.In the principal verse of the sonnet, we promptly find out about Mi ss Havisham through her coarse genuineness. She is communicating the torment of being abandoned at the raised area as she uncovers her own sentiments of the man she was going to marry.â€Å"Beloved darling bastard.†Here we see Duffy opening the sonnet in an oxymoronic way. She utilizes this procedure to entise us in to the sonnet and to underline the differentiation of her riotous emotions towards her ex-darling. This is additionally an extremely disputable method of opening the sonnet, perhaps tossing us in at the profound end directly toward the begin to build up what sort of individual Havisham is and to set us up for the exciting ride ahead. Dearest being the man she once adored, Sweetheart a word we ordinarily call our friends and family and Bastard a hostile swear word. All profoundly differentiating words which causes us to feel upset as we enter the sonnet. This opening of the sonnet is exceptionally sudden and its as though weve strolled in on Miss Havisham amidst a breakdown. Its additionally climatic, something in which marry commonly observe toward the finish of a sonnet, building pressure yet dubiously Duffy opens along these lines

Analysing specific financial issues in Cable & Wireless Communications Essay

Investigating explicit monetary issues in Cable and Wireless Communications plc - Essay Example that will be remembered for the paper are: the securities exchange, organization foundation, money related execution and financial specialist esteems, equipping sway on speculation, and the last rundown segment. The money related execution of the organization will be assessed in the course of the most recent five years. The securities exchange is the most mainstream type of interest on the planet. The biggest and most fluid financial exchange in the United Kingdom is the London Stock Exchange (LSE). When a firm is recorded in the London Stock Exchange it turns into an open organization. Financial specialists can accomplish interests in broad daylight organizations by purchasing their normal stock. Buying a typical stock suggests that the financial specialist gain proprietorship in the organization. To buy normal stocks an individual must purchase the stocks from a stockbroker. Because of advances in innovation individuals today can buy stocks utilizing the administrations of online financier firms, for example, Scottrade. Scottrade charges its clients $7 per exchange (Scottrade, 2014). The estimations of stocks sold in the securities exchange differ every moment while the market is open. Putting resources into the financial exchange can enable an individual to pick up riches, yet individuals must kn ow that putting resources into regular stocks is a high hazard suggestion. So as to bring down the danger of putting resources into the financial exchange a speculator must use a broadening technique. Broadening can be characterized as spreading a portfolio over numerous speculations to maintain a strategic distance from inordinate presentation to any one wellspring of hazard (Bodie, Kane, Marcus, 2002). The most secure interest in like manner stocks that a speculator can make is purchasing blue chip stocks. Blue chip stocks can be characterized as a supply of a huge, entrenched and monetarily solid organization that has work for a long time and whose advertise capitalization is in the billions of pounds (Investopedia, 2014). From the point of view of companies the securities exchange effectively is an instrument to fund-raise. Organizations that become open enter the market through a first sale of stock (IPO). Organizations that as of now

Get Some Bibliographical Essay Samples

Get Some Bibliographical Essay SamplesSo, you want to get an edge in the writing of your bibliographical essay? Well, here are some tips that you may want to consider to help you get a big boost in the way that you present your research work.Of course, no one can write from good sense and very well; so use your judgment and know what to do to ensure that you are getting what you need to be getting. It is important that you do not rush through your research and go straight to writing your essay; this can be a time consuming process.When writing your bibliographical essay samples, you should take the time to read your essays and research materials carefully. What you are going to see when you start to read is that the examples are not all that brilliant. Take the time to look at the essays and ask yourself why they did not seem to provide you with enough information that you needed.One thing that you need to do when doing research for your essays is to find out if the authorities or te achers have written on the topic you want to discuss. If they have not, then you will want to research their work. This can help you understand their point of view better and get a better idea of how they write their essays.One other thing to remember when you are writing bibliographical essay samples is that it takes work to gain a good grasp of the subject matter. It is not a matter of going in with an idea in your head and then hammering away with it, it is actually a matter of using your understanding and study skills. You need to put yourself into the shoes of someone who would be able to understand what you are writing.So, make sure that you use your study skills as well as you can while writing bibliographical essay samples. This will enable you to achieve your goal much faster.And remember, as with any type of writing, when you go through a sample like this, the more you get the better you feel and it makes the quality of your essay better. So, take advantage of the resource s available to you today, and take a shot at writing a bibliographical essay samples for your essay.

Argumentative Essay On Same Sex Marriage - 824 Words

Marriage is universally acknowledged as a legal contract and a moral issue. Two individuals whom are in love with each other should have open doors to commit with one another. Marriage itself should not be judged on religion, their future family, nor have their rights diminished by the law. Many people oppose same sex marriage because their decision is influenced by their religion. The bible mentions marriage as a union between a male and a female. For that reason, people judge when a same sex couple wishes to unite and become one. God’s word, written through the bible clearly states, â€Å"There is only one lawgiver and judge, he who is able to save and to destroy. But who are you to judge your neighbor?† To all individuals whom believe they†¦show more content†¦Are those marriages, despite the gender between them, not all humans at the end of the day? Hypocritical how the law speaks about equality, and at the same time denies equality to some individuals. Although some States accord to same sex marriage, that marriage is lost when they move to a state that bans homosexual marriage, therefore equality seize to exist. Envision your future with the person you wish to share your last breaths when old, beautiful future you look forward too. Now imagi ne being unable to share everything you own with your significant other, in other words no bank accounts with both names, property, or even inherit their benefits that by law should be yours. Being the same gender should not contradict the State to oppose their rights to share by law what is theirs through marriage. Will two moms be able to care for a kid as a mom and dad would? An answer coming from the heart would say yes, for that reason gender does not interfere with the affection a parent will have toward their kids. Should some women, married to man, who is unable to procreate life receive negative judgment for naturally being unable to conceive? There is no difference in those heterosexual marriages, naturally unable to conceive, and a homosexual marriage whom is unable to conceive as well. Both marriages should be given the opportunity to adopt kids and become a family. The article Same-Sex Marriage BillShow MoreRelatedArgumentative Essay About Same Sex Marriage822 Words   |  4 PagesThis Argumentative essay will discuss about the argument of same sex marriage. The contents are: meaning, brief background and thesis statement for the Introduction; for the Body of the discussion is the counter argument; and for the conclusion part: the summary and the restatement of the thesis stateme nt. Same Sex Marriage also known as  gay marriage  or  equal marriage it is marriage between two persons of the same  biological sex  or  gender identity. In the 20th and 21st centuries variousRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Argumentative Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesSame sex â€Å"marriage† is harmful and wrong and must be opposed. This is tending to cause issues that occur in the world today. The law that was passed on same sex marriage in 2016 has affected the views of many people around the world. There are many reasons why I believe this is cruel and wrong. Some of the issues that are occurring in the world today would include violence, employment immigration, poverty, and health care. Lesbian, gay and transgender people, especially those of color, experienceRead MoreShould Gays Be Allowed to Marry1476 Words   |  6 PagesBeteta September 3, 2012 Argumentative Essay on Gay Marriage Marriage: a legally recognized relationship, established by civil or religious ceremony, between two people who intend to live together as sexual and domestic partners. Typically this is between a man and a woman, in love, as they come before their families, to pledge to spend the rest of their lives together. As times continue to evolve around the world so has the idea and laws concerning marriage. Marriage is no longer just about aRead MoreArgumentative Essay on Gay Marriage842 Words   |  3 PagesKing Grammar and Composition lesson 75 Argumentative Essay on Gay Marriage Marriage is the ceremonial binding of two people, male and female, into one couple. Historically, marriage has been the institution when a man and a woman join together with the promise of love, devotion, to always stay together, to be there for each other, to take care of one another and to start a family together. Biblically, marriage has been all the aspects above, but including honoring, lovingRead MoreA Brief Note On Sociological Factors On Clients1666 Words   |  7 PagesSERVICES ASSESSMENT A – ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ~ Australia’s social inclusion policy and its failure to support all minorities, specifically same-sex couples King (cited in Australian Marriage Equality, 2015) stated â€Å"When any society says that I cannot marry a certain person, that society has cut off a segment of my freedom†. This quote from Martin Luther King Jr is as applicable today to legalising same-sex marriage as it was to the civil rights movement and inter-racial marriage over half a centuryRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Gay Marriage1370 Words   |  6 PagesThe Pros and Cons of Gay Marriage LP 3: Argumentative Essay Patty Waters NAU Composition II Sue Cochran, Instructor Sunday, March 24, 2013 Abstract This essay covers the pros and cons concerning gay marriage. You will discover some new laws and amendments that are about to happen in our country, and some things that people are against. There are many issues that will be covered from rights and benefits to getting married legally. You will read reports, stories and articles from lawyersRead MoreWhy Same Sex Marriage Should Be Legal Everywhere1415 Words   |  6 Pages17 July 2015 Why Same Sex Marriage Should be Legal Everywhere If two people are happy with one another, they should be allowed to be together. Someone’s sex does not determine whom they can and cannot marry. The only difference between what we consider a ‘normal’ marriage and a gay marriage is simply by the genitalia that we have and the gender we identify as. We need to stop focusing on the gender of couples and start focusing on the love that they share. Same sex marriage should be legal everywhereRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?1313 Words   |  6 PagesShould gay marriage be legalized? Marriage is considered to be the rite of passage from an religious point of view, it is considered as holy matrimony before the eyes of God. Attraction between individuals of the same sex has been a topic of debate. However, over the past few years gay individuals made a decision to our grievances of oppression despite receiving tremendous critics from the public. Initially, gay marriages were inRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legalized1379 Words   |  6 PagesName: Tutor: Course: Date: Gay Marriages Marriage is considered as hypothetically speaking, a rite of passage whilst from the religious point of view, it is considered as holy matrimony before a supreme being. Attraction between individuals of the same sex has been a topic of debate since time immemorial. However, over the past few years gay individuals have opted to air grievances of oppression despite receiving tremendous critics from the public. Initially, gay marriages were unfathomable events toRead MoreAbortion Argumentative Essay : Abortion934 Words   |  4 PagesMaren Goodrich Ms. Jensen English April 29, 2014 Abortion Argumentative Essay On average about 41.6 million unborn children are aborted every year. Abortion is killing an unborn baby and it should be illegal. Abortion is wrong because it supports irresponsibility by parents. It gives the unborn children no choice or opportunity at life. In addition, instead of abortion, parents could put up the child for adoption, benefiting people that cannot have children of their own. Abortion supports

Why Juveniles And Juveniles Commit Crimes - 1982 Words

Criminologists have been gathering information for years on various factors as to why adults and juveniles commit crimes, what types of people are committing these crimes, and keeping record of the individuals who become incarcerated. One of the more common types of criminals are occasional criminals These types of criminals do not view themselves as long term or associate with a criminal title. Professional criminals are those who make their living from the crimes they commit and are more likely to resort to violence, no remorse for others and no concern for others’ safety. They are only focused on themselves and what they can obtain to get ahead, and not worried with whom it affects, as long as they get theirs. These professional†¦show more content†¦They grow up witnessing drug deals, illegal transactions, and violent crimes. It is in the culture they grow up with, so they will more than likely adapt to their culture, or they will risk being cast out. If they becom e casted out, they no longer have the security of their environment. These neighborhoods often provide protection, financial aid, and housing. They may end up reverting to crime as a way to survive anyway. Those who have diagnosed mental illnesses, should not be held as responsible. They definitely should be punished for a crime they committed, but not as severe. One of the biggest emotions for criminals would be anger. If they have been wronged by someone, disrespected by someone or by a different gang member, the loss of a job, divorce, or their family, and if their finances have been personally affected, they can become upset. If someone can significantly alter the life of another by the use of these methods, it can cause the person who was the victim to become violent and more likely to take on criminal acts and land themselves within America’s prison system. Some factors that contribute to the higher rates in prison populations are the higher, yet every increasing recidivism rates. Several other factors are when previous offenders return to prison for violating, or unsuccessfully completing community supervision, new criminal offenses added to penal code, the war on drugs, and harsher penalties for certain types ofShow MoreRelatedCrime And Juvenile And Adult Crimes1019 Words   |  5 PagesStates, there is a lot of dispute between what the qualifications are for juvenile and adult crimes. Some believe that the only difference is age. Others say it is the severity of the crime. It’s obvious that when adults commit crimes, whether they are a misdemeanor offense or a felony, they pay for it. The confliction comes when a juvenile commits a crime. What exactly determines if they are tried as an adult or a juvenile? Does it vary by state-to-state? Are there federal laws that govern that debateRead MoreJuveniles Treated Like Adults Essa ys1330 Words   |  6 PagesEveryday a vast number of brutal crimes occur somewhere in America. Teens as young as thirteen commit murder, rape, and burglary to an extent. What can be done about it? The best answer I can think of is to treat juveniles like adults. They have just as much responsibility and knowledge of their actions just as adults do, so they deserve the same punishment if they commit the same crime. Believe it or not, teens commit the same level of crimes that adults commit. Crimes will get even worse in the futureRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Juvenile Crimes1437 Words   |  6 Pagestoday is juvenile crime. Today the juvenile involvement in crime occurs for many different reasons in many different places. Ages still in the single digits all the way through 17 are committing illegal juvenile acts each and every day. Some of these crimes are done on purpose and with an intent and some of the crimes are done on total accident. Juveniles all over America in all differe nt places are committing crime today and as you read this there are juveniles somewhere out committing crimes. â€Å"TheRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And The Social Control Theory940 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile delinquency is very prevalent especially among adolescents because studies have shown that during the time of adolescence that is when delinquency tends to increase and once adolescence has passed at about 17 years of age then it tends to decrease (Adolescent Delinquency, 2002). There are many factors that can contribute to the increase of delinquency during adolescence, some of the factors can be personality, mental disorders, genetics, economic status, environment, family, and cultureRead MoreShould Juveniles Be Tried as Adults?1017 Words   |  4 Pagesup earlier as the years go by. Serious crimes committed by juveniles have stayed pretty much the same in the last twenty years, but that is not to say people have not concluded differently. A thanks to laws passed in th e ninety’s and more specifically between ninety two and ninety seven, It is easier to try juveniles as adults in the court system. There are multiple pros and cons to juveniles being tried as adult. These arguments range from a crime is a crime to they are not mentally developed enoughRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Juveniles1016 Words   |  5 PagesIn our society today, millions of crimes are happening all around the world, with people dying, getting injured, and getting put in jail. Society is very cruel in some people’s eye, because of what happening in the world many people believed that many juveniles are being sentenced and tried unfairly in the court. Many believed that children as young as twelve should be treated differently than an adult who commit the same crime, but that’s not what’s happening today. Young children are not the sameRead More Juevenile Delinquency Essay904 Words   |  4 Pages The Criminology of the Juvenile Mind Criminology is defined as the scientific study of the nature, extent, cause and control of criminal behavior. Due to the non-ending threat of crime, violence and even terror threats, criminology has gained in popularity as an academic field of study. Criminology is the scientific approach to studying criminal behavior. {Larry Siegel, Criminology Theories, patterns amp; Typologies, 2004.} In studying criminal behavior scientist have categorized the periodRead MoreContributing Factors to Juvenile Delinquency1620 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile delinquency, according to Agnew and Brezina, is the violation of the law by a minor which is any persons under the age of 18 in most states. There are many contributing factors to juvenile delinquency such as domestic issues or stress at school, and there are also four different theories, strain, social learning, control, and labeling, to explain the different prospective of why it is thought that juveniles commence in delinquent behavior. This particular discussion however, is going toRead More Juvenile Crime Essay528 Words   |  3 Pageswith is juvenile crime. The reason experts feel juvenile’s commit crimes is because of risk factors when they were younger but experts still have not found the main reason why juvenile’s commit crimes. Some risk factors associated with juvenile crime are poverty, repeated exposure to violence, drugs, easy access to firearms, unstable family life and family violence, delinquent peer groups, and media violence. Especially the demise of family life, the effect of the media on the juveniles today, andRead MoreIs Incarcerating Youth As Justice? Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Question: Which are the main reasons why teenagers become â€Å"Juvenile Offenders† and how does Incarcerating them can help? Entry #1: Maynard, Robyn. Incarcerating youth as justice? An in-depth examination of youth, incarceration, and restorative justice. Canadian Dimension Sept.-Oct. 2011: 25+. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 24 Oct. 2016. Summary Evaluation: In the article â€Å"Incarcerating Youth As Justice? An In-depth Examination Of Youth, Incarceration, And Restorative Justice

Technology has made us dependent free essay sample

We live in an amazing world during a time of innovation and discovery. An era where we can instantly communicate with people across the 7 oceans, an era where our whole lives are uploaded into one place and an era where we are constantly connected to each other. But not only that we have created inventions and machines to make our lives easier, more efficient some dare say, from the mastery of flight to the creation of the remote control. Technology has innovated our lives and brought us up in a society that’s entirely dependent on automation and instant gratification. We have become subordinate to technology and have been conditioned to be reliant on our own creation. Technology has made our generation lazy and dependent. Technology has integrated itself into every second of our lives. We are products of technology. Our brains are have been rewired to adapt this new, automated age. We will write a custom essay sample on Technology has made us dependent or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But with that adaption grew one of the biggest dependencies ever to grow on to mankind. Just think about it, if the internet was knocked offline for an indefinite period, where would we be? Some speculate the world would be thrown back a couple ages. Now let’s just think of your common workplace, almost all companies have an advanced computerized system which organises tasks, helps the delivery of information and keep a record of the happenings in that workplace. If that system, the central hubs that controls the workings of the company, was say to be hit offline, most workplace become ineffectual and are not able to operate this applies from banks to legal firms. If there’s such a heavy reliance on technology that without it we are no longer able to work, then our dependency on it is beyond concern. Now, I believe majority of young adults own a smartphone of some kind, and many of us would feel lost without it. Smartphones connect us to this other world, a world of communication where we tap on a name and are instantly connected to them. A couple decades back smartphones didn’t exist, people actually remembered each other’s phone numbers but now it is taken for granted and what has it made us? Dependant. Now what happens when you’re lost and you want to figure out where you want to go? Nowadays many use their smartphone or GPS, they tap the screen, and it locates their position and then points them the right way. These are 2 very small examples but it shows how technology has slowly shaped us. The biggest dependency that we have on technology is for information. Thanks to Google and other search  engines that we now have instant access to this constantly expanding database that explores every known topic that you could think of. The internet is a gift given to us by others collectively around the world. Without the internet, looking at the top Google searches, many of us would be lost without it. Moving on, regarding the internet, we no longer have to memorise things from a cake recipes or what year World War 2 started, all this information is at our fingertips and our minds have become lazy adjusting to it. We no longer subconsciously feel that we need to memorise anything, the internet has the changed we think forever. In conclusion, think right now about your life without a car, a phone or a computer. These items have taken over this world. Technology has replaced almost everything. Itâ €™s in our homes, our schools and our communities. We spend time online, in front of the TV and even driving just around the corner. Technology has made us lazy and dependent. There’s no questioning that. It has changed the way the human race has evolved and been cultured. Our dependency on Technology is of extremities, and we have to remember, we are the future of this world, of this society, not our phones.

Leonardo Da Vinci Essays (1358 words) - Giftedness, Fiction

Leonardo Da Vinci Leonardo DA Vinci (1452-1519), Florentine artist, one of the great masters of high Renaissance, celebrated as a painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, and scientist. His profound love of knowledge and research was the keynote of both his scientific and artistic endeavors. His innovations in the field of painting influenced the course of Italian art for more than a century after his death, and his scientific studies, particularly in the fields of anatomy, optics, and hydraulics. He anticipated many of the developments of modern science. Leonardo was born in the small town of Vinci, in Tuscany, near Florence. He was the son of a wealthy Florentine notary and a peasant woman. In the mid- 1460s the family settled in Florence, where Leonardo was given the best education that Italy could offered. He rapidly advanced socially and intellectually. About 1466 he was the apprentice of Andrea del Verrocchio, the leading Florentine painter and sculptor of his day. In Verrocchio's workshop Leonardo was introduced to painting and sculpture in marble and bronze. In 1472 he was entered in the painters guild of Florence, and in 1476 he was still considered Verrocchios assistant. In 1478 Leonardo became an independent master. His first commission, to paint an altarpiece for the chapel of the plazzo vecchio, the Florentine town hall, was never executed. The period of Italian art in which Leonardo DA Vinci lived is called high Renaissance. In the course of the fifteenth century a long chain of early Renaissance artists, mainly of Florentine decent, had concentrated on a visual as well as theoretical conquest of nature. Their work formed the basis for a great idealistic style, which began to emerge from about 1490 onwards and was nearing its end at the time of Raphael?s death in 1520. It was given fullest expression during the decade 1500 to 1510, and the names of Leonardo, Michelangelou, Raphael, Bramante, Giorgone and Titian, round which legions of minor stars of considerable brilliance revolve, indicate its climax. Modern interpreters have excentially analyzed the truly classical qualities of this style which combine, like Greek art of the fifth and fourth centuries BC, a spiritual and formal dignity, harmony and equipoise never before or after equaled in the history of post-classical art. It is easier to describe this phenomenon t han to explained it. But while older writers regarded it mainly and too simply as a revival of the pagan art of antiquity, more recent studies have begun to throw light on the complexities of the style by investigating the intentions of its creators. In this essay I am going to focus on some aspects of Leonardo?s life in order to analyze the things that took him to invent and become one of the most famous artist in history. This was the period in history known as the Renaissance, when after hundreds of superstitions and slavery; finally appear the renovations of the study of the sciences. Europe had abandoned the dark ages and the feudal system was left behind. New schools were opened and the people were lefting the countryside in favor to the cities. For these changes was why the beautiful Florence City was full of artists and merchandisers. The Renaissance penetrated Verrochio?s work shop, were the painting and the sculpture were going hand by hand with the orfebry, the confection of delicated mechanical objects and musical instruments, and were all ready existent works were repaired. The elemental engineer was the basic part of an artist work. As an student of the work shop, Leonardo acquire this magnificent abilities with the paint art and the sculpture, familiarizaising with a wide range of tools like lifting, transporting and digging. Later on Leonardo would use this knowledge like a starting point for his numerous ideas and inventions. When he went to Milan that in that time was a city-state situated at the north of Florence, was being threatened by their enemies and Leonardo wanted to put in practice all his fantastic designs in benefit of the city. In a letter send to Francisco Sforza, Milan governor, Leonardo offered him his abilities to construct canons, catapults, war ships, digging tunnels under the enemy lines, grave drainages and methods for climbing castle brick walls. As well as for defending

Steroids Essays - Anabolic Steroids, Endocrine System, Sports

Steroids Essays - Anabolic Steroids, Endocrine System, Sports Steroids Drugs have been used in sports almost as long as sports themselves have been around. The ancient Incas discovered that the ashes from burned leaves of the Coca tree gave the people great stores of energy, and made sleep unnecessary for hours or even days, it was later discovered to be the stimulant cocaine. They would take it before long hunts, battles, and even found it useful in ancient sport competitions. It wasn't until 1886 that the first drug-related death in sports occurred. A bicyclist took a mixture of cocaine and heroine, called the speedball, and died from it. Little were the doctors aware the epidemic that would follow in the next century. Anabolic steroids, developed in the 1930's in Europe, are drugs that help to build new body tissue quickly, but with drastic side effects. Anabolic means the ability to promote body growth and repair body tissue. It comes from the Greek word anabolikos meaning constructive. Steroids are basically made up of hormones. One woman training to make the 1984 US women's basketball team used them, her muscles started to bulge, her voice grew deeper, and she even had the beginnings of a mustache. These are all the usual symptoms of anabolic steroids. Steroids were not always used for sports, they started out the same way most drugs did, medicinal purposes. Victims of starvation and severe injury profited from it's ability to build new tissue quickly. They also helped prevent muscle tissue from withering in patients who had just had surgery. Steroids are used to treat Addison's disease. Anabolic steroids are drugs that come from hormones or from combinations of chemicals that achieve the same result as hormones. Hormones may be given to an individual in their natural state, or in a synthetic one. The synthetic state is sometimes more potent than the natural one. Testosterone and progesterone are hormones used in steroids, another kind comes from the adrenal glands, which secrete various necessary bodily chemicals. The stero ids themselves can be taken orally, as tablets or powders, and can also be liquids that are injected into the muscles. The steroids taken by athletes contain testosterone or chemicals that act in similar way to testosterone. Testosterone is found in men and women, but in women it is present in much smaller amounts, mainly because it is produced in the testicles in men. More than one hundred and twenty steroids are based on the hormone testosterone. There are many brand names, such as Durabolin, Winstrol, Pregnyl, and Anavar. Basically anabolic steroids control the bodily functions that are normally under control of the bodies natural testosterone. As well as turning women into men and men into manly men it has a stimulate effect on skeletal muscle mass, some visceral organs, the hemoglobin concentration, and the red blood cell number and mass. Of course, most people take anabolic steroids illegally to stimulate growth in muscle cells. Once a person is born, he/she will not grow anym ore muscle cells throughout their life. So when muscle mass increases it is the individual cells growing in girth to compensate for either an increase in work, or the release of androgen hormones(found in all anabolic steroids.) Exercise alone can stimulate the girth of muscle cells to increase by anywhere from thirty to sixty percent. The presence of androgen hormones allows for even greater growth. Anabolic steroids act like our natural androgen hormones in that they stimulate anabolic metabolism in the muscles. Anabolic metabolism involves the buildup of larger molecules from smaller ones and includes all the constructive processes used to manufacture the substances needed for cellular growth and repair. As a result of steroids stimulating anabolic metabolism, muscles increase in size to a substantially greater size than they would have been if the individual only exercised. Doctors take different views on prescribing steroids. Most dislike the use of them in sports, and some wil l not prescribe them at all for use in sports. They see them as dangerous for healthy individuals, and the taking of drugs to get a winning edge they see as cheating. Others don't like steroids, but will prescribe them, knowing their patient, if not given them by their doctor, will get them from somewhere

Quality Management Assessment Executive Summary Essay

Quality Management Assessment Executive Summary - Essay Example Several principles guide quality improvement efforts: client-focused care, teamwork, leadership, systems, and data. Finding a way to achieve greater value in health care delivery, the healthcare organizations are striving hard to create efficient, affordable and transparent system by reducing unnecessary costs and waste while improving patient satisfaction and outcomes. The challenges are even more daunting due to increased costs, regulatory requirements, technological innovations, burgeoning aging population, consumerism and above all society’s expectations of better clinical outcomes. The importance of quality service and quality management would not be overstating in this complex working environment with huge responsibility, wherein any failure can directly affect the life of a patient (Salman 2005). Even though, health care organizations have been lacking behind in adopting the principles of quality improvement such as total quality management employed in other sectors and industries.

Accounting - breakeven analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Accounting - breakeven analysis - Essay Example Thus this analysis becomes quite useful in calculating the profit, loss and the break-even point at different sales levels and also helps managers and analysts to calculate the number of units that need to be sold in order to recover the product’s production costs. Break-even analysis is also very useful for small businesses because it can help the owner or the manager of the business to assess the change in prices of the products being sold or a decrease or increase in the costs which have a direct effect on the breakeven analysis and the profitability of the small business. The break-even analysis is especially useful when deciding order quantities or when making pricing decisions. It allows the firm to be able to set a price which shall help it maximize its margin of safety. Break-even analysis also influences marketing decisions. The firm can set a desired profit level which it hopes to achieve within a particular period and then, with the help of the break-even analysis, identify the number of units that need to be sold in order to achieve the desired level of profitability and direct its marketing efforts in order to achieve these sales levels. Break-even analysis can also help the small business owners in making crucial decision like hir ing or firing employees or maybe expanding the business to gain greater market share and help increase the company’s profitability. It can also help the owner in deciding in whether to purchase additional machinery or equipment for the business. Since it projects fixed costs and variable costs separately as well as together, business owners can take the help of this analysis when making critical decisions such as those relating to capital expenditure. Break-even analysis model is very simple to use as the user of this model can easily change the inputs to compute the break-even point. For example if an owner predicts that in the next month the variable cost will increase by 5% so, the owner can easily use this model and see how many more units need to be sold to reach the break-even point for the next month. Similarly is the case with an increase in Rent, which increases the fixed cost. Hence the owner, keeping price and variable costs constant, can predict the number of unit s needed to be sold if there is an increase in the fixed cost of the business. Alternatively, the break-even analysis can be used to identify rising costs and help the management in deciding how to cut down on variable or fixed costs. There are however a few flaws to the break-even analysis. Break-even analysis is only useful to a certain extent as it assumes that all outputs produced in a period are sold which may not be the case in real-life situations. The break-even model is also very simplistic in nature and considers all inputs constant which may not be the case in the real world. However, the break-even model has some assumptions which make it less accurate in determining the break-even quantity. It assumes that the selling price and the variable cost will remain constant. However, for small businesses this rarely happens. So, we then use the average selling price which

E-Banking in the Selected Private Commercial Banks Essay Example for Free

E-Banking in the Selected Private Commercial Banks Essay E-Banking is the waves of the future. It provides enormous benefits to consumers in terms of case and cost of transactions, either through internet, telephone or other electronic delivery channels. For many consumers, electronic banking means 24-hours’ access to cash through an Automated Teller Machine ATM or Direct Deposit of paychecks into checking or savings accounts. E-banking is a form of banking where funds are transferred through an exchange of electronic signal between financial institution, rather than exchange of cash, cheeks or other negotiable instruments. The banking industry as a whole, except for the four specialized banks (SBs) rushed to offer technology based baking services during the middle of the current decade. The existing form of e-banking that satisfies customer demand in banking activities electronically throughout the world are PC banking or PC home banking that include online banking, Internet banking, mobile banking and tele banking. The existing modern and innovative technology driven products and services offered by the banking system in Bangladesh includes debit card, credit card, automated teller machine (ATM) cards such as Master Card, Visa Card, Q-cash Card, Point of sales (POS), on line service, tele banking, internet banking, society for worldwide inter bank financial telecommunication (SWIFT), and Reuter. In most of the modern ATMs, the customer is identified by inserting a plastic card which is known as ATM card with a magnetic stripe or a plastics smart card with a chip, that contains a unique card number and some security information such as an expiration date etc. Authentication is provided by the customer entering a personal identification number (PIN). The government’s emphasis on building a digital Bangladesh, setting up ICT park, raising allocation for developing ICT infrastructure, waiving taxes on computer peripherals and other measures including the automation program of banking sector led by the Bangladesh Bank and competition among the scheduled banks in improving customer services have accelerated the prospects of e-banking in Bangladesh. Introduction: There is no official definition of this term, but it generally implies a service that allows customers to use some form of computer to access account-specific information and possibly conduct transactions from a remote location such as at home or at the workplace. Online or internet banking is the next stage in the development of banking services in Bangladesh. The banking system in the country was known for their stability and also stubbornness. The public banks in the country always resisted to any kind of change in their working styles through strikes and walk outs. But after some vigorous training and negotiations the concept of online banking was bought into mainstream banking in Bangladesh. This was already popular in other more developed countries and with the opening up of the banking market to foreign players in Bangladesh it was begging to be implemented in our mainstream commercial banking systems. Internet banking has been so popular in the countries; it has been implemented in so far due to certain reasons. Online Banking makes the regular transactions for a client speedy and time efficient with little or no paperwork involved. There is no need for standing in long ques any more for making a deposit or getting a withdrawal. Banking has turned into a 24/7 service with the bank always available to their client. This especially helps the various businessmen who need the best services at any time day or night. Online banking is the need of the new professional in this modern age who is always on the move and working and trying to succeed in a constantly changing and dynamic environment. There are advantages involved for the bank here as well. Through online banking the bank can attract the more sophisticated clients whose needs can now be met through banking through the internet. Also this makes the banks competitive in the international market and against the best banks in the world. Online banking has positively affected the banks in increasing their customer diversity and improved the quality of clients as well. Objectives of the study: The major objectives of the study are to analyze the present status of e-banking, its various forms, their characteristics, benefits and constraints in Bangladesh. Methodology of the study: The study is based on review of related studies done earlier and secondary information collected through library work. Justification of the study: E-Banking can conveniently manage all our banking needs 24 hours a day, 7 days a week with online banking. This Internet-based solution allows us to manage our company’s finances from any computer with internet access. Online banking application addresses the needs of small, individual and corporate account holders of the bank. This application provides a comprehensive range of banking services that enable the customer to meet most of their banking requirements over the net. Many people find that internet banking is very convenient as the advantages far outweigh any disadvantages. There are many different positive aspects to banking online. One of them is that we can do our banking from home, without having to waste gas driving to the bank or waste time waiting in line. Most banks are eager to get us to try online banking. Check out our banking terms with regard to this option offered by most banks. The history of banking online has always stressed convenience for the customer as well as security. Today, we can not only enjoy secure banking transactions online, but we can have our paycheck automatically deposited into our bank account and have it available that day, instead of waiting until the check clears. In addition to getting automatic deposits, online banking transactions also include automatic bill paying. Instead of having to write a check to pay our bills, we can have the bills that we pay each month automatically deducted from our banking account each month. Internet banking is not just concentrated on our checking account. We can also use internet banking to get a loan. There are some online banks that will offer us every service that a land bank will offer only they exist only online. Our own bank also, most likely, encourages online banking and offers free features such as checking to savings account deposits, automatic bill paying, automatic deposit and home equity loans all with the click of a mouse! Debt management is essential when structuring your finances. Internet banking is the way of the future. Years ago, we had to go to the bank when they were open and wait in a long line to perform a transaction. Today, we can bank from our home without having to wait a second and best of all, online banking is free. With the rapid development of internet, E-commerce and E-Banking are ready to play a significant function in the near future in Bangladesh. The innovative opportunities should be reachable by both large and small companies. But the right commercial and legal system is vital for the constructive augmentation of E-commerce in our country, which is the immaturity level. To ensure optimistic impact of E-banking, information structure, cyber laws and skilled manpower along with environmental facilities are immediately needed. Now-a-days e-banking is a topic of paramount importance. Exploring the available literature it has been found that no in-depth work has been done on the topic till now. But there is a vital nexus between e- banking and economic development in the present era of globalization. So working on the topic is essential for the greater interest of people. In fact, the work has enormous justification from theoretical and practical view points. Review of related literature: Mr.  Mizanur Rahman finds that in Bangladesh, the expansion of e-banking is beset with several infrastructural, institutional, and regulatory constraints such as inadequate availability of reliable and secure telecommunication infrastructure, absence of a backbone network connecting the whole country, poor ICT penetration in the banking sector, lack of skilled manpower and training facilities, absence of supportive policies, guidelines, rules and regulations relating to e-transactions and the like. Despite the constraints, efforts by the Bangladesh Bank in modernizing the country’s payment system and commitment by the government in building Digital Bangladesh’ have brought competition among the scheduled banks to improve banking services and rapidly adopt e-banking on a wider scale. This note provides a critical overview on development of e-banking in Bangladesh and future prospects for better understanding the issue that includes concept of e-banking, present status of scheduled banks in adopting e-banking services, and prospects of e-banking in Bangladesh on the basis of current trend in developing the ICT infrastructure in the country as well as ICT penetration in the banking sector that follows some policy suggestions for BB, Govt. f Bangladesh and scheduled banks so that optimum benefit through c-banking may be obtained. A well functioning e-banking network dependant on availability of a backbone network is connecting the whole country reliable and secure information infrastructure including telecommunication infrastructure; ICT penetration in the banking sector; skilled operational personnel; and legal and regulatory framework. The government, Bangladesh Bank and scheduled banks are related to these issues. Therefore, both individual and joint efforts are needed to overcome the constraints in promoting e-banking in the country. Syed Abdulla Al Mamun and Mst. Nusrat Sharmin had a study on Management Information Systems (MIS) of a Bank. They said that an effective management information system provides users with accurate, timely and relevant information to support organization functions, decision making, communication, coordination, control, analysis and visualization. Thus it provides tremendous economic values of the various industries, particularly banking industry. SCB is a multinational bank. It plays a crucial role in the banking industry in Bangladesh. This paper is a modest attempt to find out the overall management and operational areas of SCB and the role of Management Information Systems (MIS) in its different functional areas. The study shows that SCB uses computer based MIS in every sphere of its management and operation. It continuously up-to-date its information systems installing real time technology to enhance its operational effectiveness as well as to meet the ever changing customer needs. The modem computer based management information system of SCB significantly contributes to its tremendous business performance ensuring real time ommunication in every step of its operation. As a result, SCB, a successful multinational bank operating in Bangladesh, countries to find new and better ways to put technology to its operation and customers’ best use. Moreover, it manages the business risks associated with its technology and investment properly. So the findings of the study can be a good lesson for the local banks and other financial institutions to adopt and manage the modem computer based management information systems. Shihab Uddin Khan wrote an article on security aspects of E-banking: Biometric Technology. He found that an appreciation of the factors that securities encompass is important to understand security for Electronic Banking and related applications. For example, take a simple illustration of Bank Vault, as most would consider a bank vault highly secure. It draws its security from number of factors. The vault is built of strong material and is located in a secure building that offers considerable physical security. Access to the vault is controlled by a sophisticated door and locking mechanism that would require special technical skills and expensive equipment and reasonable time to breach. The physical and technical characteristics of the vault mean that it would take considerable time and resources to breach it. Since both building and vault are protected through automated alarms, attempting to breach the vault carries significant risk of being caught. The likelihood of an attempt on vault is very low. Further, any deposits held in the bank are not actually in the vault so that even if a robbery occurs, there is no loss of the deposits. Thus, the vault has low expected loss. Despite all these factors, from time to time, a bank vault is breached, even then they are widely considered to be secure. Credit card is another such example as most consumers use credit cards and are reasonably comfortable in using these plastic cards. These are considered acceptably secured. The cards and card numbers contain some elements of technical and physical security and few cards contain a picture of the legitimate credit card holder and bear the holder’s signature. Credit card companies deploy sophisticated mechanisms such as analyzing spending patterns to detect fraud. While forging a single credit card may not require much of the organization’s resources, forging and using many cards which may generate a large loss require considerable resources. The credit card holder is protected from loss by laws which limit the holder’s financial obligation losses. Credit card fraud is widespread and a card issuer is certain to encounter fraud, even though the instance of fraud is low compared to the total number of transactions. From a user’s perspective, there are so many cards with widespread use that the likelihood of an individual encountering a problem is very small. Further, the lack of data and message security on the Internet has also become a serious problem due to the increasing number of merchants trying to spur commerce on the global network. For instance, credit card numbers in their plain text form, create a risk when transmitted across the Internet where the possibility of the number falling into the wrong hands is relatively high. Just the thought of â€Å"sniffer† programs which collect credit card numbers, en masse, is enough to keep merchants away from on-line shopping. In short, the lack of business transaction security is widely acknowledged as a major impediment to spread E-commerce. Historically, computer security was provided by the use of account passwords and limited physical access to a facility to bonafide users. As users began to dial in from their PCs and terminals at home, these measures are being considered insufficient. With the advent of remote users on inter-networks for conducting commercial transactions on mobile computers and through wireless technologies, simple password schemes are not sufficient to prevent attacks from sophisticated hackers. However, there are certain peculiarities to the issue of security. The first issue is that security is never absolute. The bank vault though can be breached but is still considered secured. The second peculiarity of security is that there is an economic trade-off among the cost of security, expectation of loss, and the cost of breaching security. From the perspective of an organization, a rupee spent on security is justified when it reduces the expected loss by more than a rupee. When security spending reaches the point where the cost of additional security exceeds the incremental loss reduction, then it offers no more value protection and security is considered adequate. From other perspective, security is adequate when the expected yield is less than the cost of breaching security. For rational asset holders and opponents, the notions are equivalent. The characteristics that define security are two viz. securities are never absolute and security adequacy is an economic decision.

Australian Broadcasting Essay -- Media

INTRODUCTION The Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) was formed in 1932 and the first ABC radio broadcast took place on 1 July that the same year. 1956 saw the beginning of television broadcasting in 1956 and its independent corporation was in 1983. The Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) however commenced broadcasting much later 1975 and its television broadcasting began in 1980 and became an independent corporation in 1991. The ABC and SBS are all statutory , independent authorities established via legislation and their roles and functions are set out in their respective Charters. For instance the ABC Charter vests the ABC, with functions such as providing within Australia innovative and comprehensive broadcasting, services of a high standard, provide programs that contribute to a sense of national identity and to inform and entertain, and reflect the cultural diversity of, the Australian community. Moreover it is mandated to provide broadcasting programs of an educational nature promote the musical, dramatic and other performing arts in Australia transmit to other countries programs of news, current affairs, entertainment and cultural enrichment that encourage awareness of Australia and an international understanding of Australian attitudes on world affairs . The SBS Charter provides that the principal function of SBS is to provide multilingual and multicultural radio and television services that inform, educate and entertain all Australians, and in doing so, reflect Australia’s multicultural society . SBS also has specific functions, including, contributing to meeting the communication needs of Australia’s ethnic and Aboriginal The ABS and SBS provide the Australian public with news broadcasts, television programmi... ...leem, Saed, and Stephen Shellhammer. TV White Space Sectrum Technologies. Florida: CRC Press, 2011. Campbell, Dennis. International Securities Law and regulations. Sydney: York Hill Law, 2007. Conroy, Stephen. ABS and SBS. Australian Government, Sydney: Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy, 2008. Digital Broadcasting Australia. "SBS chooses 720p High Definition." Digital Broadcasting Australia. Sydney, December 14th, 2006. Grant, Alsadai. Australian Telecommunications Regulation Communications Law Centre. Sydney: UNSW Press, 2004. Murray, Lisa. "SBS caves in over ad breaks." The Sydney Morning Herald, June 2, 2006. Pan, Hui. Asia-Pacific Telecom Monthly Newsletter. Boston: Information Gatekeeper Inc, 2010. Stuart, Cunningham, and Graeme Turner. The Media and Communications in Australia. Singapore: KHL Printing Company Ltd, 2010.

Influence of Christianity and Islam on Medieval Europe

CHIJIOKE MADUEWESI ID:9315 CHRISTIANITY In medieval Europe, major impacts from the fall of the roman empire still exists today. One of these religion is Christianity, which has made a staunch effect on medieval Europe. Christianity has been a major practice in Europe since the first century. It accounted for more than 76. 2% of the Europeans. Christianity introduced catholic churches in medieval Europe. These churches laid down meaningful influences, which has and is still aiding European countries till date.These churches in medieval Europe somewhat lectured people, that their souls were conceived in sin, and also, these sinful souls could be saved if only they repented. This applied evenly to everyone with no exception, including the kings and queens. These churches taught the European to be charitable, a good example can be seen in the â€Å"Story of lady Godiva†, where she was honored by the population for her charity. The church also started schools in the west, a perfect example is the kings school in Canterbury, that is still operating today despite its Age (founded in 596).The church, also Supplied hospitals for the sick, lame and injured to be catered for. These group of people, had their needs attended to by the nuns and monks of the church. Again, the church made available sanctuary for the oppressed and fugitives. ISLAM Islam, a religion with a strong pursuit for excellence wherever it finds its self. They served â€Å"Allah†, they took prayers very serious, praying five times daily, showing their zeal for righteousness and respect to â€Å"Allah†. Islam significantly were effective in different areas in the early ages of medieval Europe .They gave major influences in various aspect of Europe, as in, Art, architecture, technology, language and many others. First, many words used in Europe were derived from islam. These words are based in major sciences such as mathematics, medicine, physics etc. Some of these words include; Algo rithm derived from â€Å"Al-khwarizmis†, Algebra from â€Å"Al-jabr† etc . These words are still viable today, helping the mathematicians formulate equations in Europe. Furthermore, Arabic schools were created in Europe, in order to support the muslims in Europe to read and write in Arabic.It also functioned to teach its language to people who are willing to transform to a different religion. Several Arabic books, written by great Islamic authors, aided major developments in medicine and physics. Avicenna, a renowned muslim author, famous for his book by the name â€Å"The canon of medicine† which influenced European Medicine and is still a standard medical text book in Europe. In this book, he brought up the idea of infectious/contagious diseases, that spread easily from person to person through air-borne. This has helped doctors today to completely eradicate or vaccinate specific carriers in Europe.Also, Muhammad ibu Zakariye Razi, famous for writing books (en cyclopedias), realeased his book by name â€Å"The comprehensive Book of Medicine†, which has carefully explained the distinctions between certain diseases such as measles from chicken pox, thereby, enabling the doctors to vividly discover the symptoms that cause them, also, prevents these doctors from mixing both. In physics, another popular author, Alhazer, wrote the â€Å"Book of Optics† (Ibu al-ttaytham) it was highly notable for its development and influence on the theory of vision and light, which has made major changes in the optic world of physics in medieval Europe.In medieval Europe, Islamic arts were highly rated and decorative, thus, its high importation into Europe. Its designs featured man hunting and carvings, which indicate ancient renaissance art, which has been greatly acknowledged in Europe. However, it is fascinating to know that, home materials such as carpets and flower vase were introduced to Europe by islam. These carpets indicated wealth in Eur ope. They are still traded today, mainly by the aristocrats. Moreover, medieval Europe adopted their ideas of technology from the Islamic world.These technologies include, astronomical devices, developed and refined by the Islamic world, which Europe admired and obtained. Other examples include; gearing in water clocks and crops. ROME Rome, one of the greatest empires known, respected for its violence, army and rule. They influenced the medieval. They brought about the advent of advanced weaponry in Europe. Most of the European weapons were collected from the world of rome and transformed into mass destruction devices. The Europeans took advantage of this, and used them in wars.Today, Europe still has a standard class of weapons, used for protection in battles. Moreover, Roman civilization had an effect on the culture, language, architecture and the European government. In terms of language, the Romans spoke latin and latin is popularly spoken in Europe. They were also a major influ ence of classical architecture. In terms of religion, Constantine the great made Christianity a popular religion by restricting the killing of Christians. Now, Christianity is a major aspect in Europe.Many of the cities presently in Europe were founded by the romans and also water system works such as plumbing was introduced by the romans in Europe. Many artistic works were gotten from rome, also, symbols and logos such as; eagle wings, coat of arms normally on flags were gotten from Rome which European flags still bear nowadays. Finally, European parents now name their children with latin names such as; Paulus, Julius, maria and Julia etc. This was a major contribution from in European countries today.

Addiction And Substance Use Disorder Essay - 763 Words

Over the last few days at Providence Crosstown Clinic, I have gained a tremendous amount of insight into the field of addiction and substance use disorder. Crosstown Clinic is an addictions treatment clinic with an interdisciplinary team that cares for over seventy clients with substance-use disorder. Clients come into the clinic three times a day and are given either DEM (diacetylmorphine) or HME (hydromorphine). DEM is an addictive drug derived from opium that produces an intense euphoria, also known as â€Å"high†; whereas, hydromorphone is a synthetic narcotic analgesic, similar to morphine and heroin. During the first few days, I have learned Crosstown clinic began as a study to assess long-term opioid medications effectiveness, also known as the SALOME trail, to test whether hydromorphone, a licensed medication, is as good as diacetylmorphine, the active ingredient of heroin, at assisting people who suffer from chronic opioid addiction and who are not benefiting sufficie ntly from other treatments. I was told by the clinic nurse that the test found that hydromorphone is almost the same as DEM; however, clients prefer DEM better since it gives them a longer â€Å"high†. I have yet to work with clients with substance use disorder, and I am excited to learn more about alcohol and substance use like alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and amphetamines. This is my first time being exposed to addictions and substance use. My knowledge is limited to only textbook material. 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